{"id":5563,"date":"2026-04-22T10:39:22","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T08:39:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sciberras.legal\/?p=5563"},"modified":"2026-04-22T10:39:24","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T08:39:24","slug":"employment-law-a-guide-to-workplace-health-and-safety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sciberras.legal\/fr\/2026\/04\/22\/employment-law-a-guide-to-workplace-health-and-safety\/","title":{"rendered":"Droit du travail : Guide de la sant\u00e9 et de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>De la s\u00e9rie L'avocat maltais en droit du travail explique \u2013 Article 11<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em><strong>De la pr\u00e9vention \u00e0 la protection : un guide sur la sant\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail<\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Introduction<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un lieu de travail s\u00fbr et sain n'est pas un privil\u00e8ge \u2013 c'est un droit fondamental de chaque employ\u00e9. Le droit du travail reconna\u00eet qu'une partie de la relation d'emploi est l'obligation de l'employeur de fournir des conditions de travail qui ne mettent pas en danger la sant\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de son personnel. Lorsque ces obligations sont ignor\u00e9es ou viol\u00e9es, et qu'un employ\u00e9 en subit un pr\u00e9judice ou une blessure, des cons\u00e9quences juridiques peuvent s'ensuivre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c0 Malte, la loi prend au s\u00e9rieux la sant\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail (SST), tenant les employeurs responsables du bien-\u00eatre physique et psychologique de leur personnel. En vertu de la loi sur la sant\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail (chapitre 646 des lois de Malte), qui met en \u0153uvre la directive-cadre de l'UE (89\/391\/CEE), les employeurs ont une obligation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de diligence pour garantir la SST en assurant des environnements de travail s\u00fbrs, en dispensant une formation ad\u00e9quate et en fournissant des informations claires sur les risques et les protections. Ce blog explore les responsabilit\u00e9s incombant aux employeurs, les droits des employ\u00e9s et le cadre juridique qui r\u00e9git la sant\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail \u00e0 Malte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Chapitre 646 des Lois de Malte<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En 2024, Malte a introduit le chapitre 646 des lois de Malte, la loi sur la sant\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail, qui repr\u00e9sente une avanc\u00e9e majeure dans le renforcement de la sant\u00e9 et de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail (SST) dans tous les secteurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La loi introduit un certain nombre d'am\u00e9liorations par rapport au cadre pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, notamment :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Restructuration de l'OSHS (Organisme de sant\u00e9 et de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail)<\/strong> \u2013 clarifier les r\u00f4les et les responsabilit\u00e9s au sein de l\u2019Autorit\u00e9 et renforcer la gouvernance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u00e9nalit\u00e9s plus s\u00e9v\u00e8res<\/strong> \u2013 r\u00e9former le syst\u00e8me de sanctions pour accro\u00eetre leur effet dissuasif, tout en assurant une plus grande efficacit\u00e9 de leur application.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Des fonctions plus claires<\/strong> \u2013 \u00e9largir les responsabilit\u00e9s des employeurs et des travailleurs dans la protection de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nouveau Tribunal de la sant\u00e9 et de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/strong> \u2013 avec une proc\u00e9dure de r\u00e8glement des diff\u00e9rends acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9e sp\u00e9ciale.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Agent de d\u00e9claration de sant\u00e9 et de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (ADSS)<\/strong> \u2013 introduire ce r\u00f4le dans certains secteurs pour assurer la conformit\u00e9 et la reporting.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Instruments administratifs<\/strong> \u2013 donnant \u00e0 la CSST le pouvoir d'agir rapidement au moyen de mesures r\u00e9glementaires urgentes ayant force de loi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Transparence<\/strong> \u2013 autorisant la publication des sanctions administratives et des d\u00e9cisions de justice relatives aux exploitants.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Au c\u0153ur de cette r\u00e9forme se trouve l'Autorit\u00e9 pour la sant\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail (OHSA), \u00e9tablie en vertu de l'article 4 de la loi. L'OHSA est charg\u00e9e de promouvoir et de sauvegarder le bien-\u00eatre physique, psychologique et social des travailleurs dans tous les lieux de travail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En plus de la Loi sur la sant\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail (LSST), la Loi conf\u00e8re aux agents de sant\u00e9 et de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail des pouvoirs \u00e9tendus. Leur r\u00f4le est d'assurer la mise en \u0153uvre g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des r\u00e8glements en mati\u00e8re de SST, et leurs pouvoirs comprennent :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Entrer librement dans les lieux de travail, \u00e0 tout moment du jour ou de la nuit, sans pr\u00e9avis ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interroger les employeurs, les employ\u00e9s ou les repr\u00e9sentants sur des questions de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inspection et examen des lieux de travail, pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement d'\u00e9chantillons si n\u00e9cessaire ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Revue de la documentation relative \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exiger que certaines zones ou certains objets du lieu de travail restent intacts pour examen ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exiger des employeurs (\u00e0 leurs propres frais) qu'ils fournissent des certificats de professionnels qualifi\u00e9s tels que des architectes, des ing\u00e9nieurs ou des m\u00e9decins.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ces mesures visent \u00e0 donner aux agents les outils dont ils ont besoin pour agir rapidement et efficacement dans la protection des travailleurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Les obligations des employeurs en vertu du chapitre 646<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L'une des pierres angulaires du chapitre 646 est l'accent mis clairement sur le devoir de diligence de l'employeur. Les employeurs sont l\u00e9galement responsables d'assurer la sant\u00e9, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et le bien-\u00eatre g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de leurs employ\u00e9s, ainsi que de toute autre personne susceptible d'\u00eatre affect\u00e9e par leurs activit\u00e9s. Ce devoir s'applique universellement, que les employ\u00e9s soient \u00e0 temps plein, \u00e0 temps partiel, temporaires, ou m\u00eame des contractuels ind\u00e9pendants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The law requires employers to take all necessary measures to prevent workplace accidents, injuries, and ill-health, following the general principles of prevention. In practice, this means employers must:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Prevent risks before they happen by identifying workplace hazards, evaluating risks, and controlling them at the source;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Replace danger with safety by substituting dangerous substances or processes with safer alternatives wherever possible;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provide training and information so that all employees understand health and safety risks and how to protect themselves;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Maintain safe working conditions, including fire alarms, extinguishers, first aid kits, and clear emergency exits;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conduct regular risk assessments and act on them to reduce risks as much as reasonably practicable;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Have clear policies and procedures for handling accidents or emergencies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beyond these essentials, the Act strengthens employer obligations with additional requirements, such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Developing and reviewing a written OHS Policy that sets out the main safety measures, ensuring it is shared with employees and their representatives;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consulting with workers and their Health and Safety Representatives on matters that affect their health and safety;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Communicating safety information to contractors, self-employed individuals, and any outside workers about hazards and preventive measures on site;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Providing safe systems of work, including proper emergency preparedness, safe equipment, protective gear, OHS signage, and adequate welfare facilities;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monitoring and reviewing safety measures regularly to ensure they remain effective;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ensuring that workers bear no financial cost for the implementation of health and safety measures.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition, employers are legally required to ensure that, in any workplace with multiple employees, workers elect or designate a Health and Safety Representative (HSR). The HSR acts as the voice of the workers on health and safety issues. This ensures that health and safety is not a one-sided duty imposed from the top down but a collaborative process between employers and employees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>The Duties of Employees<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While employers carry the primary responsibility for health and safety at work, employees are not passive bystanders. The law makes it clear that workers also have important duties to help create and maintain a safe working environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Accordingly, employees are expected to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Follow safety protocols and use protective gear provided by the employer;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use tools, machinery, and substances correctly and responsibly;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Report unsafe conditions or incidents immediately to the employer or the designated health and safety officer;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Be alert to hazard signs and act accordingly to minimise risks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The law also empowers employees to raise concerns about dangerous situations without fear of retaliation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>What Happens After a Workplace Injury?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Despite the best efforts of employers and employees, accidents can and do happen. When they do, Maltese law provides employees with clear rights and remedies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you are injured at work:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Inform your employer right away \u2013 reporting ensures that the incident is officially recorded;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seek medical attention without delay;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Claim your entitlements \u2013 workers are entitled to compensation for injuries sustained at the workplace under Maltese law, usually covered by the employer\u2019s insurance policy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition, employers are legally obliged, in terms of S.L. 646.03 (Workplaces (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations), to notify the OHSA of any serious accidents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Legal Remedies and Compensation<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Employees who are harmed due to unsafe conditions or breaches of health and safety regulations may also pursue legal action against their employer. To handle such disputes, Chapter 646 sets up a specialised Health and Safety Tribunal. This Tribunal can:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hear appeals from decisions, orders, or administrative instruments issued by the OHSA;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Decide on breaches of an administrative nature, where administrative penalties may be imposed;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provide workers with an avenue to challenge infringements without immediately resorting to the criminal courts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Appeals from Tribunal decisions can be made to the Court of Appeal, but only on points of law, and must be filed within 20 days of the decision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Administrative Penalties and Offences<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not every breach of OHS law is a criminal offence. Some failures &#8211; like not appointing a health and safety representative, not keeping required documentation, failure to make the necessary filings or not conducting proper risk assessments &#8211; are dealt with as administrative penalties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Generally speaking, administrative fines can be up to \u20ac20,000 per breach. Before imposing a penalty, the OHSA may issue a written notice giving the employer a chance to remedy the breach within a set timeframe. If no written notice was issued or otherwise this was issued and ignored, the notified person has 20 days either to appeal from such sanction before the Tribunal or otherwise admit the administrative penalty. If no appeal is filed within the timeframe, the penalty becomes final and enforceable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the other hand, serious breaches, especially those involving an immediate and serious risk to workers\u2019 safety or resulting in fatalities or serious injuries, may lead to criminal proceedings, in the Criminal Courts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>For first-time offenders: fines range from \u20ac1,000 to \u20ac50,000, or imprisonment of up to two years, or both.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For repeat offenders: fines increase to between \u20ac2,000 and \u20ac50,000, and imprisonment can range from one to four years, or both.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>The Compromise Procedure<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chapter 646 of the Laws of Malta also introduces a compromise procedure for certain offences (excluding fatal accidents or administrative breaches). The OHSA may offer the offender the chance to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Remedy the issue within 60 days, and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pay a compromise fine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If complied with, no further legal action is taken. If not, the case may proceed to criminal court -even if the fine was paid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>The Injury Benefit<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Malta, employees and self-employed individuals are also protected through social security benefits if they suffer an injury or illness related to work. These benefits apply from the very first day of employment and are not dependent on the number of insurance contributions made. Even if the accident occurs abroad, it is the country where the person is insured that is responsible for providing the benefits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One may qualify for the Injury Benefit if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>One is registered under the Social Security Act, having social security contributions being paid for;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>One has suffered an injury at work that prevents him\/her from working for more than three consecutive calendar days, or<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>One has developed a disease or medical condition related to his\/her workplace.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To claim, employees must present:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>An Employer\u2019s Declaration (or in the case of self-employed individuals, a declaration also signed by a police officer);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A Report of Injury completed by a medical doctor (for accidents);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A medical report prepared by a doctor (for occupational diseases);<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whilst the day of the injury and the first three consecutive working days of absence are covered by the employer, from the fourth day onward, the Injury Benefit is paid weekly through the Social Security system. However, payments only begin after examination by a Medical Board unless the person returns to work within 10 days of the injury.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the employee is still unfit for work one year after the injury, he\/she must submit weekly medical certificates to continue receiving support &#8211; at that stage, payments are converted into Sickness Benefit. Similarly, if the injury causes a permanent disability, after 12 months of Injury Benefit one may apply for:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A one-time Injury Grant,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An Injury Pension, or<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An InvalidityPension, depending on the severity of the disability assessed by the Medical Board.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prioritizing health and safety at work is not just a legal obligation &#8211; it is a shared responsibility that benefits both employees and employers. For workers, understanding your rights and duties ensures that you can protect yourself and those around you from potential harm. For employers, fostering a culture of safety reduces workplace accidents, minimizes absenteeism, and improves overall productivity.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By staying informed about Maltese health and safety laws, including your entitlements under Chapter 646 and the Social Security Injury Benefit, you can contribute to a safer, healthier, and more efficient working environment for all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cet article est fourni \u00e0 titre informatif uniquement et ne doit pas \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9 comme un avis juridique. Les informations fournies refl\u00e8tent le droit tel qu'il \u00e9tait au moment de la publication du blog. Pour la version la plus \u00e0 jour ou des conseils adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 votre situation particuli\u00e8re, il est fortement recommand\u00e9 de consulter un avocat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong><em><strong><em><strong><em><strong><em><strong><em><strong><em><strong><em><strong><em><strong>Article et recherche r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par Mme Caitlin Turner, <strong>LL.B. (Hons) (Melit.)<\/strong>, actuellement \u00e9tudiant un Master en plaidoyer \u00e0 l'Universit\u00e9 de Malte.<\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Sciberras Advocates, fond\u00e9 par Dr Adrian Sciberras, est un cabinet d'avocats bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Malte. Le cabinet s'enorgueillit d'\u00eatre multidisciplinaire, innovant et flexible afin de r\u00e9pondre aux \u00e9volutions et aux d\u00e9fis du paysage juridique local et international. Quelle que soit la complexit\u00e9 des demandes priv\u00e9es ou d'entreprise, Sciberras Advocates propose des solutions juridiques pratiques et rentables pour atteindre les r\u00e9sultats souhait\u00e9s. Vous pouvez contacter Sciberras Advocates par t\u00e9l\u00e9phone au <a href=\"tel:+35627795222\">+35627795222<\/a>ou par courriel sur <a href=\"mailto:info@sciberras.legal\">info@sciberras.legal<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From the series The Malta Employment Lawyer Explains \u2013 Article 11 From Prevention to Protection: A Guide to Workplace Health and Safety Introduction A safe and healthy workplace is not a privilege \u2013 it is a fundamental right of every employee. Employment law recognises that part of the employment relationship is the employer\u2019s obligation to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5327,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-updates"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Employment Law: A Guide to Workplace Health and Safety - Sciberras Advocates<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sciberras Advocates Employment Lawyers in Malta; Experts in Maltese Employment Law, assisting Employers and Employers in Malta\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sciberras.legal\/fr\/2026\/04\/22\/employment-law-a-guide-to-workplace-health-and-safety\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Employment Law: A Guide to Workplace Health and Safety - Sciberras Advocates\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sciberras Advocates Employment Lawyers in Malta; 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